Peridynamic modelling of cryogenic deuterium pellet fragmentation for shattered pellet injection in tokamaks

Abstract Shattered pellet injection (SPI) is a promising method for controlling plasma disruptions in tokamaks. In this study, we present numerical modelling of the fragmentation of cryogenic deuterium pellets within the context of SPI, using the peridynamic (PD) theory. A dedicated in-house code has been developed, leveraging the meshfree method and GPU parallelization. The mechanical properties of cryogenic solid deuterium are obtained from available literature, and calibrated based on the shatter threshold along with the remaining solid mass fraction after shatter. The results from the bond-based PD successfully reproduce the main experimental results reported in the literature, both qualitatively and quantitatively.