Lithium‐Ion/Lithium Metal Hybrid Batteries Enabled by Lithio‐Amphiphilic Bilayer Protection

Abstract Conventional lithium (Li) ion batteries (LIBs) are approaching the limit imposed by their theoretical energy density, and they urgently require advanced strategies to transcend this boundary. Li‐ion/Li metal hybrid systems, which leverage reversible Li metal deposition within void spaces in the anode during charging, offer a significant leap forward for capacity enhancement without the need for complex structural modifications. However, the uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites at the electrode surfaces remains a critical barrier to practical adoption. Here, a protection strategy based on a lithio‐amphiphilic bilayer for graphite (Gr) anodes is proposed, engineered via the sequential deposition of silver (Ag) and chromium (Cr) thin films. The lithiophilic Ag layer functions as a nucleation template for homogenized Li plating across the electrode surface, whereas the lithiophobic C…